JavaScript Tutorial in Hindi #21 | Date & Time Methods (2025)

✅ 1. Create a Date Object

You can create a date object in several ways:

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let now = new Date(); // Current date and time
let birthday = new Date("2000-12-25"); // Specific date
let customDate = new Date(2025, 4, 20); // (Year, Month[0-11], Day)

✅ 2. Get Date & Time Parts

You can extract parts of a date using built-in methods:

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let date = new Date();

console.log(date.getFullYear()); // 2025
console.log(date.getMonth()); // 4 (May, months start at 0)
console.log(date.getDate()); // 20
console.log(date.getDay()); // 2 (0 = Sunday)
console.log(date.getHours()); // current hour
console.log(date.getMinutes()); // current minute
console.log(date.getSeconds()); // current second

✅ 3. Set or Modify Date

You can change parts of a date object:

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let d = new Date();
d.setFullYear(2030);
d.setMonth(0); // January
d.setDate(15);

console.log(d); // Modified date object

✅ 4. Format Date into String

Some quick ways to get readable formats:

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let today = new Date();

console.log(today.toDateString()); // "Tue May 20 2025"
console.log(today.toTimeString()); // "17:35:24 GMT+..."
console.log(today.toLocaleString()); // "5/20/2025, 5:35:24 PM"

For custom formats, use:

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let d = new Date();
let formatted = `${d.getDate()}/${d.getMonth() + 1}/${d.getFullYear()}`;
console.log(formatted); // "20/5/2025"

✅ 5. Get Current Timestamp & Date Difference

🔹 Current Timestamp:

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let timestamp = Date.now(); // milliseconds since Jan 1, 1970
console.log(timestamp);

🔹 Date Difference (in days):

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let start = new Date("2025-01-01");
let end = new Date("2025-05-20");

let diffTime = end - start; // milliseconds
let diffDays = diffTime / (1000 * 60 * 60 * 24);

console.log(diffDays); // 139 days